Betaine anhydrous (TMG) acts as a methyl donor involved in metabolic processes and is used to improve athletic performance.
Betaine anhydrous, a naturally occurring compound also known as trimethylglycine (TMG), functions as a methyl donor involved in homocysteine metabolism, liver function, and potentially athletic performance. It is extracted from sources like sugar beets or produced synthetically. Supplementation is often used to reduce homocysteine levels, support liver health, and improve athletic performance. Typical dosages range from 2.5-6g daily. While generally considered safe, potential side effects include gastrointestinal distress and, in some cases, a fishy body odor. Further research is ongoing to better define its efficacy and long-term effects.
Key Information
Inside Body Harmful Score
Common Dosage
2.5-6g daily
Source Type
natural
Production Process
Extracted from natural sources like sugar beets, or produced synthetically through chemical synthesis.
Use Type
Inside BodyPotential Benefits
Increased muscle mass (hypertrophy) occurs through resistance training, hormonal response, and dietary protein intake, especially when combined with creatine, which enhances protein synthesis and cell volumization.
Methylfolate reduces homocysteine levels by converting it back into methionine within the methionine cycle. Elevated homocysteine is linked to cardiovascular and other health risks.
Whey protein isolate supports muscle growth and recovery, which enhances athletic performance and training adaptations. It provides essential amino acids needed for muscle protein synthesis and repair.
Betaine lowers elevated homocysteine levels by converting it into methionine. Reducing homocysteine is beneficial for cardiovascular health.
Betaine helps reduce liver fat accumulation (NAFLD) by promoting VLDL export and improving lipid metabolism, supporting liver health.
Possible Side Effects
Stomach upset, diarrhea, or cramping may occur in some individuals.
L-Carnitine, especially at high doses, may cause a fishy body odor due to the metabolism of trimethylamine. This is more likely in individuals prone to trimethylaminuria.
A possible link to increased cholesterol has been observed in some studies, but the effect is inconsistent and requires further investigation. The cause and specific conditions which increase the risk are currently unknown.
Scientific Evidence
Studies on homocysteine reduction, athletic performance (strength, power, endurance), and NAFLD management. Relevant search terms: 'betaine homocysteine', 'betaine athletic performance', 'betaine NAFLD'.
User Reviews
Share your experience with this ingredient
Log in to write a reviewNo reviews yet. Be the first to share your experience!