Niacinamide (topical) is a vitamin B3 derivative that reduces inflammation, minimizes pores, improves skin barrier, and diminishes wrinkles.
Niacinamide, a potent form of vitamin B3, is a well-established topical skincare ingredient lauded for its diverse benefits. These include reducing inflammation, fortifying the skin barrier, minimizing pore size, lightening hyperpigmentation, and smoothing fine lines and wrinkles. Its mechanism involves influencing ceramide synthesis, melanin transfer, and inflammatory pathways. While generally well-tolerated, some individuals, especially those with sensitive skin, may experience mild irritation, dryness, or, rarely, flushing. Formulations typically contain 0.5-5% niacinamide, with lower concentrations recommended for sensitive skin. Its multifaceted action makes it a valuable component in a wide array of cosmetic and dermatological products aimed at improving skin health and appearance.
Key Information
Outside Body Harmful Score
Common Dosage
0.5-5% concentration in topical formulations. Lower concentrations (1-2%) are generally recommended for sensitive skin.
Source Type
synthetic
Production Process
Niacinamide is typically synthesized through the amination of nicotinic acid or its derivatives. Several methods exist, including chemical synthesis using ammonia under high pressure and catalytic processes.
Use Type
Outside BodyPotential Benefits
Niacinamide soothes irritated skin and reduces redness caused by inflammatory conditions like rosacea and acne. It achieves this by blocking the release of inflammatory substances.
Niacinamide boosts ceramide production, strengthening the skin barrier. This leads to better moisture retention, environmental protection, and reduced water loss, resulting in healthier skin.
Niacinamide regulates sebum production, minimizing the appearance of enlarged pores and preventing pore clogging. This results in smoother skin texture and a refined complexion.
Niacinamide reduces hyperpigmentation by inhibiting melanosome transfer, leading to a more even skin tone with reduced dark spots and age spots. It prevents melanin from fully distributing to skin cells.
Niacinamide boosts collagen and acts as an antioxidant, reducing fine lines and wrinkles by improving skin elasticity and protecting against free radical damage.
Possible Side Effects
Skin irritation involves symptoms like redness, itching, and rashes due to contact with irritants, allergens, or environmental factors. Severity varies based on the cause, individual sensitivity, and affected area; persistent cases may lead to secondary infections.
Dryness refers to a reduction in moisture content in tissues or organs, leading to symptoms like dry skin, mouth, or eyes. It can be caused by various factors, including environmental conditions, medical conditions, or medications.
Flushing is a temporary redness of the skin, similar to a niacin flush, experienced by some individuals after taking NR. It's generally harmless and resolves on its own.
Scientific Evidence
References: (1) Gehring W. Nicotinic acid/niacinamide and the skin. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2004 Apr;3(2):88-93. (2) Draelos ZD, Ertel KD, Berge CA. Niacinamide-containing facial moisturizer improves skin barrier and reduces signs of aging. Cutis. 2005 Aug;76(1):135-41. (3) Navarrete-Dechent C, et al. A Review of Niacinamide: Treatment for Skin Aging, Hyperpigmentation, and Acne. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2021 Jul;14(7):E66-E72.
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