Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is a supplement promoting mitochondrial biogenesis, potentially improving energy and cognitive function.
Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is a quinone molecule found in various foods and produced by some bacteria, and also available as a synthetic supplement. It is believed to promote mitochondrial biogenesis and act as an antioxidant, potentially offering benefits for energy production, cognitive function, neuroprotection, and cardiovascular health. While generally considered safe at recommended dosages (10-20mg daily), mild side effects such as headache, insomnia, or gastrointestinal distress have been reported. Research is ongoing to further elucidate its effects and optimal uses.
Key Information
Inside Body Harmful Score
Common Dosage
10-20mg daily
Source Type
hybrid
Production Process
Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is produced naturally by some bacteria and is present in various foods. It can also be synthesized chemically for commercial purposes.
Use Type
Inside BodyPotential Benefits
Enhances mental processes involved in thinking, learning, and remembering, including memory, attention, focus, and processing speed. Benefits range from improved mental clarity to significant enhancements in cognitive abilities, especially in those with cognitive decline.
Cardiovascular health ensures efficient blood circulation by maintaining healthy heart and blood vessels. Benefits include reduced risk of heart disease and stroke through improved blood flow and heart function.
Neuroprotection aims to protect the brain and nervous system from damage and degeneration by preventing neuronal cell death, reducing inflammation, and enhancing synaptic plasticity. Strategies include lifestyle modifications, nutritional supplementation, and pharmacological interventions to mitigate effects of aging, neurodegenerative diseases, stroke, and traumatic brain injury.
Aged garlic extract acts as an antioxidant by neutralizing free radicals, protecting cells from damage and potentially reducing the risk of chronic diseases. The allicin-derived metabolites are the active components.
PQQ is believed to stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis, increasing the number of mitochondria in cells. This can lead to improved cellular energy production and enhanced metabolic function.
Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) stimulation boosts NGF production, promoting neuron survival and cognitive function. This may lead to neuroprotection and improvements in memory and learning.
Possible Side Effects
Insomnia is a sleep disorder involving difficulty falling or staying asleep, leading to non-restorative sleep. It can be triggered by various factors and can result in daytime fatigue and impaired cognitive function.
Headache is pain in the head ranging from mild to severe, potentially with nausea, light/sound sensitivity, or dizziness. It can be caused by tension, dehydration, stress, or medication side effects, and persistent headaches require medical evaluation.
Gastrointestinal distress involves digestive discomfort like bloating, diarrhea, cramps, nausea, and vomiting. Severity varies based on individual factors and can be triggered by irritation or inflammation of the digestive tract.
Scientific Evidence
Studies exploring PQQ's impact on mitochondrial biogenesis (Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry), antioxidant properties (Free Radical Biology & Medicine), neuroprotective effects (Rejuvenation Research), and cardiovascular health (Nutrition Reviews). Further research is needed to solidify these findings and establish long-term safety.
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