NMN aims to increase NAD+ for anti-aging and metabolic benefits, but more research is needed despite generally considered safety.
Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMN) is a naturally occurring nucleotide and a precursor to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), a crucial coenzyme for cellular energy production and various other biological processes. Supplementation with NMN aims to increase NAD+ levels, which decline with age. Research suggests potential benefits including improved insulin sensitivity, enhanced energy metabolism, and potential anti-aging effects. While generally considered safe, some users may experience mild gastrointestinal discomfort or flushing. More research, especially in human clinical trials, is needed to fully understand the long-term effects and optimal dosage of NMN.
Key Information
Inside Body Harmful Score
Common Dosage
250-500mg daily
Source Type
natural
Production Process
NMN is naturally produced in the body and can be found in small amounts in certain foods. Industrially, it is synthesized enzymatically or chemically from nicotinamide riboside (NR) or nicotinamide and a source of phosphate.
Use Type
Inside BodyPotential Benefits
NMN supplementation increases NAD+ levels, a vital coenzyme for energy metabolism, DNA repair, and gene expression. Boosting NAD+ may improve cellular function and counteract age-related decline.
NMN may improve insulin sensitivity, especially in older adults with prediabetes, by boosting cellular NAD+ levels. This helps regulate blood sugar and potentially reduces type 2 diabetes risk.
NMN boosts NAD+ levels, enhancing mitochondrial function and energy production. This may improve physical endurance and reduce fatigue.
NMN supplementation may increase NAD+ levels and potentially slow down the aging process by promoting cellular repair and regeneration. Human studies are limited, but animal studies show promise.
Possible Side Effects
Flushing is a temporary redness of the skin, similar to a niacin flush, experienced by some individuals after taking NR. It's generally harmless and resolves on its own.
Mild gastrointestinal discomfort includes bloating, gas, and diarrhea. Symptoms are generally mild and transient.
Scientific Evidence
Rajman, L., Chwalek, K., & Sinclair, D. A. (2018). Therapeutic Potential of NAD-Boosting Molecules: The In Vivo Evidence. Cell Metabolism, 27(3), 529–547.; Yoshino, J., Mills, K. F., Yoon, M. J., & Imai, S. I. (2011). Nicotinamide Mononucleotide, a Key NAD+ Intermediate, Treats the Pathophysiology of Diet- and Age-Induced Diabetes in Mice. Cell Metabolism, 14(4), 528–536.; Keisuke Okabe, Yusuke Yaku, Yoichi Tobe, Mitsuyoshi Tanaka. Implications of impaired NAD metabolism in metabolic diseases. Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology. 2019, 65, Supplement, S14-S16
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