Retinal, a vitamin A derivative, reduces wrinkles, treats acne, and reduces hyperpigmentation topically, causing irritation and photosensitivity.
Retinal, or retinaldehyde, is a form of vitamin A and a potent retinoid used topically for various skincare benefits, including anti-aging, acne treatment, and hyperpigmentation reduction. It works by accelerating skin cell turnover and stimulating collagen production. While effective, retinal can cause skin irritation and increased sun sensitivity, requiring careful usage and sun protection. Oral intake is typically avoided in favor of other Vitamin A forms.
Key Information
Outside Body Harmful Score
Common Dosage
Dosage varies depending on the product and intended use. Retinal serums and creams for topical use contain varying concentrations, typically ranging from 0.01% to 0.1%. Oral supplementation with Vitamin A is not usually prescribed in the form of retinal itself, but rather in forms like retinyl palmitate or retinyl acetate, with dosage depending on individual needs and under the guidance of a healthcare professional.
Source Type
natural
Production Process
Retinal, also known as retinaldehyde, is a naturally occurring form of vitamin A. It is derived from beta-carotene or other carotenoids through enzymatic conversion in the body and can also be synthesized chemically.
Use Type
Outside BodyPotential Benefits
Anti-aging interventions protect cells from damage, promote cellular repair, and reduce the risk of age-related diseases. Strategies include dietary interventions, supplementation, lifestyle modifications, and topical treatments to improve overall health and well-being.
Acne treatment reduces or eliminates acne lesions by addressing underlying causes like excess sebum, bacterial infection, inflammation, and clogged follicles. Treatment options include topical applications, oral medications, and lifestyle modifications.
Hyperpigmentation reduction lightens or evens out skin tone in areas with excessive melanin production by targeting melanin synthesis, transfer, or removal. Treatments involve topical agents, procedures, and sun protection.
Retinal treats acne by unclogging pores, reducing inflammation, and controlling sebum production. It accelerates skin cell turnover and helps clear existing acne while preventing new breakouts.
Retinal reduces hyperpigmentation by inhibiting melanin production and promoting skin cell turnover. This results in a more even and radiant complexion.
Possible Side Effects
Skin irritation involves symptoms like redness, itching, and rashes due to contact with irritants, allergens, or environmental factors. Severity varies based on the cause, individual sensitivity, and affected area; persistent cases may lead to secondary infections.
Lactic acid use can increase sun sensitivity due to exfoliation, raising the risk of sunburn and sun damage. Protect skin from the sun when using products with lactic acid.
Retinal increases the skin's sensitivity to sunlight, leading to a higher risk of sunburn. Prolonged exposure can cause premature aging and increase skin cancer risk.
High doses or prolonged use of Vitamin A, especially orally, can cause dry eyes and other mucous membrane dryness. Topical retinal is less likely to cause this side effect than oral Vitamin A.
Scientific Evidence
Studies on retinoids, including retinal, have shown their efficacy in treating acne (e.g., Leyden et al., 2017) and photoaging (e.g., Rittié & Fisher, 2002). Clinical trials evaluating specific retinal formulations provide further evidence of their benefits and tolerability (e.g., Creidi et al., 2012). However, more research is needed to fully understand the long-term effects and optimal usage of retinal in different skin types and conditions.
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